Pruning trees and shrubs is a vital part of maintaining a healthy and aesthetically pleasing landscape. However, improper pruning can do more harm than good. Today, we at Green & Gold Lawn Care would like to share some common pruning mistakes and how to avoid them to ensure your plants thrive.

Pruning Trees & Shrubs at the Wrong Time

One of the most frequent mistakes is pruning at the wrong time of year. Each plant species has its own optimal pruning period. Pruning at the wrong time can stress the plant, inhibit growth, or reduce flowering and fruiting. For instance, spring-flowering shrubs should be pruned immediately after they bloom, as they flower on old wood. On the other hand, summer-flowering shrubs should be pruned in late winter or early spring before new growth starts. Research the specific needs of your plants or consult a local arborist to determine the best time for pruning.

Over-Pruning Trees & Shrubs

Over-pruning, or removing too much of the plant at once, can severely stress the plant and lead to poor health or even death. Plants need their foliage to produce energy through photosynthesis. Removing too much foliage reduces the plant’s ability to sustain itself. A good rule of thumb is to never remove more than 25% of a plant’s canopy in a single year. Regular, light pruning is better than infrequent, heavy pruning.

Improper Tree & Shrub Cutting Techniques

Using improper cutting techniques can cause long-term damage to trees and shrubs. Cuts should be made just outside the branch collar, the swollen area where the branch joins the trunk. Cutting too close to the trunk (flush cuts) or leaving a stub can hinder the plant’s ability to heal. Flush cuts can cause decay to enter the trunk, while stubs can prevent the wound from closing properly, making the plant susceptible to pests and diseases. Use sharp, clean tools to make clean cuts and avoid tearing the bark.

Topping Trees

Topping, or cutting back large branches or the main trunk to stubs, is a harmful practice often done to reduce the size of a tree. Topping creates weakly attached branches that are more prone to breaking, leading to hazardous conditions. It also stresses the tree, prompting rapid new growth that is poorly attached and more susceptible to pests and diseases. Instead, use crown reduction techniques, which involve pruning back branches to their lateral growth points to maintain the tree’s natural shape and health.

Neglecting to Prune Dead or Diseased Wood

Leaving dead or diseased branches on a tree or shrub can lead to further health problems. These branches can harbor pests and diseases that can spread to healthy parts of the plant. Regularly inspect your plants and promptly remove any dead, diseased, or damaged wood. Make sure to disinfect your pruning tools between cuts to prevent the spread of disease.

Not Considering the Plants Natural Shape

Each plant has a natural shape that it tends to grow into, whether it’s a tree, shrub, or flowering plant. Pruning should aim to enhance this natural form rather than forcing the plant into an unnatural shape. Pruning against a plant’s natural growth habit can stress the plant and lead to poor health. Understand the natural growth pattern of your plants and prune to maintain their inherent structure.

Using Dull or Dirty Tools to Trim Trees & Shrubs

Using dull or dirty pruning tools can make cuts that are jagged and slow to heal, increasing the risk of disease. Always use sharp, clean tools to make precise cuts. Disinfect your tools between cuts, especially when working on diseased plants, to prevent the spread of pathogens.

Lawn Maintenance Specialists in Cottage Grove, Sun Prairie, Waunakee, Middleton, Madison & DeForest, Wisconsin

Avoiding these common pruning mistakes can help ensure the health and longevity of your trees and shrubs. By pruning at the right time, using proper techniques, and maintaining your tools, you can enhance the beauty and health of your landscape. When in doubt, consult a professional arborist to ensure your pruning practices are beneficial rather than detrimental to your plants. Call Green & Gold Lawn Care for superior pruning services.